Muslim Brotherhood
IslamistThe progenitor of modern political Islam, founded in Egypt in 1928. Pursues Sharia-based governance through institutional infiltration and lobbying networks spanning Europe, North Africa, and North America.
Read MoreExplore profiles of key jihadist movements, terrorist organizations, and enabling state actors. Each card provides an overview of their ideologies, activities, and documented impacts on affected communities. Click to read more in-depth analysis.
The progenitor of modern political Islam, founded in Egypt in 1928. Pursues Sharia-based governance through institutional infiltration and lobbying networks spanning Europe, North Africa, and North America.
Read MoreEstablished a self-declared caliphate across Iraq and Syria in 2014, committing genocide against Yazidis and Christians and orchestrating attacks across three continents. Territorial defeat in 2019 did not end the group — active affiliates continue operating across West Africa, the Sahel, and Southeast Asia.
Read MoreMuslim Brotherhood offshoot governing the Gaza Strip since 2007, designated a terrorist organization by the US, EU, and UK. Responsible for the October 7, 2023 massacre — the deadliest attack on Jews since the Holocaust.
Read MoreIran's primary regional proxy, founded in Lebanon in 1982. Maintains a larger arsenal than most national armies and has carried out attacks in Argentina, Bulgaria, and across the Middle East.
Read MoreOrchestrated the September 11, 2001 attacks and dozens of mass-casualty bombings worldwide. Operates through regional affiliates — AQIM, AQAP, and Al-Shabaab — and continues to inspire lone-wolf attacks globally.
Read MoreRetook Afghanistan in 2021 and now enforce one of the world's most repressive regimes — banning women from education, executing dissidents, and harbouring Al-Qaeda. Afghanistan once again serves as a global jihadist sanctuary.
Read MoreOperating across Nigeria and the Lake Chad basin, responsible for tens of thousands of deaths and the 2014 abduction of 276 schoolgirls from Chibok. Its ISIS-aligned splinter faction ISWAP now poses an equal or greater threat.
Read MoreAl-Qaeda affiliate controlling large parts of rural Somalia. Responsible for the Westgate Mall attack (Kenya, 2013) and Garissa University massacre (2015). Imposes strict Sharia and funds operations through civilian taxation and extortion.
Read MoreIran-backed militia controlling northern Yemen, launching missile and drone attacks on Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Red Sea shipping. Their official slogan calls for death to America and Israel.
Read MoreThe world's foremost state sponsor of terrorism — funding and directing Hezbollah, Hamas, the Houthis, and Shia militias across Iraq and Syria. Pursues a nuclear programme in violation of international agreements.
Read MoreFinances Islamist movements globally through its sovereign wealth fund and Al Jazeera media network. Hosts senior Hamas leadership in Doha and funds Muslim Brotherhood-linked institutions across Europe and North America.
Read MoreUnder Erdoğan, Turkey backs Muslim Brotherhood-aligned governments, facilitates jihadist transit into Syria and Iraq, and hosts Hamas military leadership — while conducting military operations against Kurdish populations.
Read MorePakistan's ISI has a documented history of sheltering jihadist groups as foreign policy instruments — harbouring Osama bin Laden, the Taliban, and Lashkar-e-Taiba. Its nuclear arsenal compounds the long-term security threat.
Read MoreAssad's collapse in December 2024 ended Ba'athist rule, but the post-Assad authority is led by HTS — itself a designated terrorist organization. The fate of Alawite, Druze, Christian, and Kurdish minorities remains deeply uncertain.
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